How do we know who ahlul khibra are so that we may ask them about the a’lam mujtahid?

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Question: How do we know who ahlul khibra are so that we may ask them about the a’lam mujtahid? How do we reach them since we are far away from religious seminaries? Is there a way that can simplify for us the process of determining whom we should follow in taqlid?

Answer: The ahlul khibra are the mujtahids and those next in line in religious sciences, and they know quite well that one person in a limited group of mujtahids is the a’lam. And they have to consider the following three things to identify that a’lam:

First: His knowledge concerning the methods for providing the authenticity of the hadith, and that involves ‘ilmu ‘r-rijal (the science of narrators of hadith) and ‘ilmu ‘l-hadith (the science of hadith). On this subject, issues like familiarity with the books [of hadith] and the ahadith that have been tampered with; knowledge of causes for fabrication [of ahadith]; variance in the manuscripts and distinguishing the most correct one; and being aware of confusion which sometimes occurs between the text of a hadith and the explanation of the compilers, are of utmost importance.

Second: His ability to understand the meaning of the text by considering the general rules of speech, especially the style used by the Imams of Ahlul Bayt (a.s.) in describing the laws. The science of ‘usûlu ‘l-fiqh (Principles of Jurisprudence), Arabic grammar and literature, as well as familiarity with the views of the Sunni jurists who were contemporaries of the Imams play an important role in the understanding of the hadith texts. Third: Soundness of his view in deriving the rules from the sources.

And the method of getting acquainted with those in whom the status of a’lam is confined to having scholarly discussions with them or to referring to their books or to the transcripts of their lectures on Jurisprudence and the Principles of Jurisprudence.

If a person cannot know the ahlul khibra by himself, he can come to know them through the religious scholars and others whom he trusts. The geographical distance should not be a barrier to establishing communication with them in this era where many fast means of communication are easily available.

 

who is the a’lam(the most learned (a’lam) mujtahid)?

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Question: The jurists tell us that it is wajib to emulate the most learned (a’lam) mujtahid, and when we ask the religious scholars in our area, “Who is the a’lam?” we do not get a clear-cut answer so that we may follow his fatwa. When we ask them about their answer, they say that they are not ahlul khibra and they also say that:

“we have asked ahlul khibra and have been informed that identifying the a’lam mujtahid requires the study of the books of the mujtahids and that obviously is a time consuming and difficult task; so go and ask the others.

“If the problem of identifying the a’lam mujtahid is so difficult in religious circles, obviously the problem would be even more difficult in other countries like Europe and America. After a lot of difficulty when we convince the youths of these countries that it is necessary to abide by the shari’a laws, we reach to the question of who is the a’lam, and find ourselves lost for words. Is there a solution to this problem?

Answer: If there are some ahlul khibra who refuse to identify the a’lam for one reason or another, there are other ahlul khibra who readily identify him. It is possible to contact those ahlul khibra through the religious scholars and others who are reliable and have contacts with religious seminaries and with the scholars in other countries. So, although identifying the a’lam is not without difficulty, yet it is not a serious problem.

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A Code of Practice For Muslims in the West

Feinstein: Obama ‘too cautious’ on ISIL

The head of the Senate Intelligence Committee says US President Barack Obama has been “too cautious” in dealing with the ISIL terrorist group.

“I think I’ve learned one thing about this president, and that is he’s very cautious. Maybe in this instance, too cautious,” Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) said during an interview with NBC’s “Meet the Press” when asked whether Obama’s admission that “we don’t have a strategy yet” to confront ISIL projected weakness.

The senior lawmaker said that the Defense and State departments “have been putting plans together” and expressed hope that those plans will “coalesce into a strategy.”

 “So there is good reason for people to come together now and begin to approach this as a very real threat, that it in fact is,” the senator added.

Feinstein, who has been assessing threats to US national security for years, characterized ISIL as “the first group that has the wherewithal in terms of financing, the fighting machine in terms of a structure — heavy equipment, heavy explosives [and] the ability to move quickly.”

“This is a group of people who are extraordinarily dangerous. And they’ll kill with abandon,” he continued.

Meanwhile, two senior Republican senators argued that the Obama administration needed to respond to the threat of ISIL with a robust military action.

In a New York Times op-ed published Friday, Sens. John McCain (Ariz.) and Lindsey Graham (S.C.) dismissed Obama’s limited airstrikes against the terrorist group in Iraq as “tactical and reactive half-measures.”

“Continuing to confront ISIS in Iraq, but not in Syria, would be fighting with one hand tied behind our back,” they wrote, using another acronym for the group. “We need a military plan to defeat ISIS, wherever it is.”

Obama’s statement Thursday that the US lacked a strategy to address the growing threat of ISIL was greeted with intense criticism on Capitol Hill. The US president said he was not planning to significantly expand the military action against ISIL anytime soon.

The terrorist organization commands a vast stretch of territory from central Syria to the environs of Iraq’s capital, Baghdad.

HRJ/HRJ

Australia to send arms to Iraq

The Australian prime minister says Canberra plans to send military equipment to Iraq to allegedly help in the fight against Takfiri ISIL militants in the country.

“The United States government has requested that Australia help to transport stores of military equipment, including arms and munitions, as part of a multi-nation effort,” Tony Abbott said in a statement on Sunday.

He also said that Royal Australian Air Force C-130 Hercules and C-17 Globemaster aircraft will fly to Iraq to join other aircraft from Canada, Italy, France, the UK and the US.

The premier did not clarify when the delivery would begin, but reports said the aircrafts could fly their first mission soon.

“Australia’s contribution will continue to be coordinated with the government of Iraq and regional countries,” Abbott further noted, saying Iraq’s situation represents a humanitarian catastrophe.

Canberra has said it is open to the prospect of striking ISIL locations with its warplanes, which is subjected to invitations from Baghdad and Washington.

The US began its airstrikes against ISIL terrorists in northern Iraq on August 8. This is while the rise of the ISIL Takfiri terrorists is the directly attributed to the policies of the Western countries such as the US and Australia in the region. 

On Tuesday, Abbott said tens of Australians are fighting with the ISIL terrorist group in Iraq and Syria, while about 100 other citizens are actively supporting the Takfiri group.

He also announced plans to fight the growing threat of homegrown terrorists fighting alongside the ISIL militants.

The Iraqi army, backed by Kurdish forces and thousands of volunteers, is engaged in fierce fighting with the ISIL militants to push them out of the captured areas.

They have been committing heinous crimes in the areas they have taken, including the mass execution of civilians as well as Iraqi army troops and officers.

SAB/HMV

Who needs S-300? Bavar-373 test-fired

Iran has successfully test-fired Bavar-373 indigenous missile defense system.

Commander of Iran’s Khatam al-Anbiya Air Defense Base Brigadier General Farzad Esmaili said on Saturday that Bavar-373 fired its first successful shot.

He added that the system, developed as an alternative with superior capabilities to the Russian S-300 after Moscow canceled its contract with Tehran, works better than certain similar long-range missile systems manufactured by other countries.

Fars News Agency published on Friday the first images of Bavar-373 system, saying that it is meant to carry the message of self-sufficiency of Iranian armed forces to the world.

In February, Brigadier General Esmaili said the missile is expected to be ready by March 2015.

He said the infrastructure for manufacturing Bavar-373 had been prepared and the “bottlenecks” in the project removed.

On August 28, the Islamic Republic also successfully test-fired indigenously designed and manufactured Talaash 3 (endeavor) missile defense system.

Talaash 3, which has a range of more than 200 kilometers, had successfully been put to test and would be unveiled on September 22.

Over the past years, Iran has attained self-sufficiency in producing important military equipment and systems.

On August 24, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani unveiled two marine cruise missiles, Ghadir and Nasr-e Basir, as well as two unmanned aerial vehicles, Karrar-4 and Mohajer-4, during a ceremony in Tehran.

The Islamic Republic has so far designed and manufactured a variety of indigenous missiles, including Sayyad-2, Khalij-e-Fars (Persian Gulf), Mehrab (Altar), Ra’d (Thunder), Qader (Mighty), Nour (Light) and Zafar (Triumph).

The Islamic Republic has repeatedly assured its neighbors that its military might poses no threat to other countries, insisting that its defense doctrine is based on deterrence.

DB/HSN/HMV

‘Iran welcomes Qatar firms investment’

Iran’s first vice president has called on Qatari private sector and businesses to invest in the Islamic Republic as part of growing economic cooperation between the two countries

During a Saturday meeting with Qatari Minister of Communication and Information Technology Hessa al-Jaber in the Iranian capital, Tehran, Es’haq Jahangiri said Iran’s environment allows for secure investment and the Islamic Republic welcomes investments by Qatari firms and the private sector of the country.

The Iranian official referred to the growing cooperation between Iran and Qatar in different areas and expressed Tehran’s preparedness to transfer its technological know-how to Doha, including the development of infrastructures as well as technical and engineering services.

Elsewhere in his remarks, Jahangiri pointed to the Muslim world’s challenge with the extremist groups seeking to portray a wrong image of Islam, stating that through expansion of cooperation, the Muslim countries can tackle issues of this kind.

The Qatari minister, for her part, praised Iran’s achievements in different areas and said there are potentials for expansion of Tehran-Doha cooperation.

In early July, Iran and Qatar announced plans to establish a joint free economic zone in the southern Iranian province of Bushehr and its adjacent provinces.

The two neighboring states also share the giant South Pars gas field, which is estimated to contain major amounts of gas and condensate.

ASH/HSN

EU is a US ‘puppet’ on Russia sanctions

Paul Craig Roberts, former Assistant Secretary of the US Treasury, has criticized the European Union’s newly proposed sanctions on Russia over the crisis in Ukraine, calling the 28 member-state bloc a US “puppet.”

“It’s really up to [Russian President Vladimir] Putin what happens. It’s not up to the EU. The EU is a puppet state of the United States. They’re being hurt by the sanctions that Washington has forced Europeans to impose on Russia,” he said in an interview with Press TV.

“The main hurt is only Europeans, not Russians,” he added.

The European Union announced on Saturday that it would impose further sanctions against Moscow over the incursion of Russian troops into Ukraine.

“The whole question is whether the people in Washington [are] trying to control Russia or going to lose their European Empire. That’s the question before the world, will Europe sacrifice itself in order to serve American pressure against Russia, Craig Roberts explained. “I doubt it. I don’t think that’s possible. The government, the leaders might, but not the people.”

“The German people I don’t think will stand for this when they see all the hurt coming to Germany because the idiot in Washington is trying to hurt Russia. It’s not going to happen, so what we are about to witness in my view is a collapse of American power,” he continued. 

On Sunday, European Council President Herman Van Rompuy said the bloc’s heads of state tasked their executive body to “urgently” prepare tougher economic sanctions that could be adopted within a week.

He said the EU “stands ready to take further significant steps in light of the evolution of the situation on the ground.” “Everybody is fully aware that we have to act quickly.”

White House National Security spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden welcomed the EU’s move.

“We welcome the European Council’s consensus today to show strong support for Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity and to prepare further sanctions for consideration in coming days,” she said.

The United States and the European Union have already imposed asset freezes and travel bans on senior Russian officials.

Washington and its allies accuse Moscow of supporting pro-Russian forces fighting against the Kiev government in eastern Ukraine, but the Kremlin denies the allegations.

AGB/HRJ

Riyadh warns West on ISIL: You’re next

Saudi Arabia’s monarch King Abdullah has warned that the West will be the next target of the ISIL Takfiri terrorists sweeping across Syria and Iraq, unless there is “rapid” action.

“If we ignore them, I am sure they will reach Europe in a month and America in another month,” said the Saudi monarch in Saturday remarks cited by state-owned news outlets. The irony of the remarks has not been lost on observers as the Persian Gulf kingdom is widely believed to be a major sponsor of the terror group. 

“Terrorism knows no border and its danger could affect several countries outside the Middle East,” King Abdullah further added while addressing a welcoming ceremony on Friday for new foreign ambassadors, including new envoy of the major Saudi ally, the United States.

The rare Saudi pronouncement against terrorism comes as the regime is widely suspected to finance and support various terrorist groups that operate in the war-ravaged Syria and Iraq.

Iraqi and Syrian authorities have repeatedly criticized Saudi Arabia and its Persian Gulf Arab allies of fomenting terror in their countries.

Lack of action would be “unacceptable” in the face of the phenomenon, King Abdullah further emphasized during his address.

“You see how they [Takfiri terrorists] carry out beheadings and make children show the severed heads in the street,” he said, condemning the “cruelty” of such acts.

“It is no secret to you, what they have done and what they have yet to do. I ask you to transmit this message to your leaders: ‘Fight terrorism with force, reason and [necessary] speed’.”

MFB/HMV

Polish PM named European Council pres.

European Union leaders have named Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk to replace Herman van Rompuy as president of the European Council.

The announcement was made by Van Rompuy, the outgoing European Council leader, during a press conference in Brussels.

“I come from a country that deeply believes in a united Europe,” Tusk said.

Van Rompuy praised Tusk and “the determined and confident way he has steered Poland through the economic crisis, and managed to maintain steady economic growth.”

Danish Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt also congratulated Tusk after the vote.

“He will be a good and result-oriented president of the European Council who will listen to member states. I look forward to co-operating with him,” Thorning-Schmidt said.

Last month, the 57-year-old Polish premier’s candidacy had been resisted by British Prime Minister David Cameron after the two had fallen out over EU labor migration and freedom of movement regulations. However, the two premiers patched up their differences last week.

“I understand many of David Cameron’s proposals concerning reforming the European Union and I think they are acceptable to many reasonable politicians in Europe, also those proposals that address the abuse of the free movement of persons within the EU,” Tusk said.

Tusk has been the prime minister of Poland since 2007.

The announcement comes a day after Italian Foreign Minister Fedrica Mogherini was named as the EU’s new foreign policy chief, replacing Catherine Ashton.

SZH/HMV

Israel drone downed in one shot: Iran

A senior Iranian commander says the Israeli drone recently shot down in Iran was targeted while flying at an altitude of 3,700 meters (nearly 12,140 feet) in the Iranian airspace.

“We allowed this drone to enter (the Iranian airspace) and (then) tracked it for 43 minutes,” said Commander of Iran’s Khatam al-Anbiya Air Defense Base Brigadier General Farzad Esmaili.

Iran’s Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) announced in a statement on August 24 that its forces had intercepted and shot down an Israeli spy drone with a surface-to-air missile. The Israeli-made Hermes drone was heading to Natanz nuclear facility in the central province of Isfahan.

Esmaili also stated that Iran’s Shahab long-range strategic radar system played a major role in intercepting the Israeli drone.

The Iranian commander said the drone was targeted by firing only one missile.

On August 24, Iranian Defense Minister Brigadier General Hossein Dehqan warned that the Islamic Republic would give a crushing response to any enemy aggression against the Iranian soil.

This is not the first time that Iran’s airspace has been the target of espionage activities.

In December 2011, a US RQ-170 Sentinel stealth aircraft was downed with minimal damage by the Iranian Army’s electronic warfare unit. The drone was flying over the Iranian city of Kashmar, some 225 kilometers (140 miles) from the Afghan border, when it was brought down.

The IRGC also captured a US ScanEagle drone over the Persian Gulf waters upon its intrusion into the Iranian airspace in December 2012.

DB/HSN/HMV